![]() ![]() As in other diplodocids, the last portion of the tail of Brontosaurus possessed a whip-like structure. ![]() Brontosaurus also had very long ribs compared to most other diplodocids, giving them unusually deep chests. The shape of the tail was unusual for diplodocids, being comparatively slender, due to the vertebral spines rapidly decreasing in height the farther they are from the hips. Brontosaurus, like its close relative Apatosaurus, had tall spines on its vertebrae, which make up more than half the height of the individual bones. ![]() The large neck was filled with an extensive system of weight-saving air sacs. Ten dorsal ribs are on either side of the body. The dorsal ribs are not fused or tightly attached to their vertebrae, instead being loosely articulated. The cervical vertebrae were stouter than other diplodocids, though not as stout as in mature specimens of Apatosaurus. The caudal vertebra number was noted to vary, even within a species. The vertebral formula was: 15 cervicals, 10 dorsals, five sacrals, and 82 caudals. Like those of other sauropods, the vertebrae of the neck were deeply bifurcated that is, they carried paired spines, resulting in a wide and deep neck. ![]() The skull of Brontosaurus has not been found, but was probably similar to the skull of the closely related Apatosaurus. excelsus, weighed up to 15 tonnes (15 long tons 17 short tons) and measured up to 22 m (72 ft) long from head to tail. parvus (UW 15556)īrontosaurus was a large, long-necked quadrupedal animal with a long, whip-like tail, and forelimbs that were slightly shorter than their hindlimbs. It was originally considered to be a junior synonym of Apatosaurus, but is know regarded as a separate taxon after extensive scientific exploration conducted in 2015 revealed their were substantial differences between the two genera (for example, Brontosaurus can be defined as having a slimer build and slightly smaller in size). An artist's illustration of Brontosaurus excelsusīrontosaurus (meaning "Thunder Lizard" in Greek) is an extinct genus of apatosaurian sauropod dinosaur which lived throughout North America during the late Jurassic period, approximately 155 to 145 million years ago. ![]()
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